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Gender Assessments and Research
 Cambodia, Malaysia, Pakistan and the Philippines: Cross-country Study on Violence against Women and Information Communication Technologies
Sonia Randhawa, genderIT.org writer and editor, compares the findings of four national reports from Cambodia, Malaysia, Pakistan and the Philippines undertaken by the APC WNSP as part of the project “Strengthening women’s strategic use of ICTs to combat violence against women and girls”. 
Published [2010] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: Violence Against Women Regional focus: Cambodia, Malaysia, Philippines, Pakistan, South & Central Asia, Southeast Asia
Is Google Violating Women's Rights?
This article explores the potential impact of Google Inc.'s AdWords advertising policy update on access to critical information on women's sexual reproductive health.
Published [2009] by Association for Women's Rights in Development
Issues covered: Communication Rights, Health Regional focus: Global Uganda: Violence against Women and Information Communication Technologies
Aramanzan Madanda, Berna Ngolobe and Goretti Zavuga Amuriat look at how ICTs have been used to help provide spaces for women and sexual minorities. Sexual minorities have a presence on the internet to articulate concerns of members and raise awareness. Women’s mobile phone use is controlled by their husbands, who either give or withold permission to use and dictate when and how. Some women have acquired two SIM cards to forestall domestic violence. The authors view this as a sign of women’s empowerment as telephones provide a means through which to break male control by opening contacts to the outside world.
Published [2009] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: Violence Against Women Regional focus: Africa, East Africa, Uganda South Africa: Violence against Women and Information Communication Technologies
Two key debates are examined in the paper by Shereen Essof: censorship versus freedom of expression and privacy versus surveillance. She looks at the practices of VAW in a country with the world's highest reported rate of femicide and where there is little understanding of the strategic use of ICTs to support combating VAW as well as recognizing new avenues for perpetrating violence against women.
Published [2009] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: Violence Against Women Regional focus: Africa, Southern Africa Colombia: Violence against Women and Information Communication Technologies
Lucy Niño and Lida Nuñez look at how the Colombian government has paid special attention to ICT policies, offering ICT literacy programmes and ICT inclusion in marginalised areas, while at the same time ICTs are used to promote prostitution and pornography produced in the country via the internet and cellphones. Government has produced a campaign to foster a “healthy use” of internet and to protect children. Social movements and women´s movements have also used ICTs for anti-VAW campaigning, supporting survivors and promoting images of women free from stereotypes in the media. This paper examines these trends, and urges action to end VAW in public, private and institutional spaces, in the internal armed conflict and in the symbolic sphere. Read the English abstract of the paper below. Full paper is available in Spanish.
Published [2009] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: Violence Against Women Regional focus: Latin America, South America, Columbia Brazil: Violence against Women and Information Communication Technologies
In this paper, Ingrid Leao, Thais Lapa and Tamara Amoroso discuss violence against women in the media, with advertisement and TV show examples. It also looks at civil society expectations for the first National Conference on Communications, to be held in December 2009. It examines the use of social networks like Orkut and Twitter; denouncements of VAW practices, such as cyber-bullying of teenage girls; and how ICTs are also used for prevention and assistance of VAW survivors.Read the abstract of the paper below. Full paper is available in Spanish.
Published [2009] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: Violence Against Women Regional focus: Latin America, South America, Brazil Cambodia: Violence against Women and Information Communication Technologies
Chim Manavy examines how growth of the internet is pushing the limits of a society's attitudes towards acceptable media images, through exploitative use of images taken for private consumption. Technology is moving across boundaries faster than the law can address. At the same time, ICT use in general, much less awareness of how ICTs can be strategically used to combat violence against women, is very limited in Cambodia. While other women’s organisations and networks worldwide are already using online resources in a myriad of ways to mobilise support and share experiences, most Cambodian women are not familiar with the use of ICT.
Published [2009] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: Violence Against Women Regional focus: Asia-Pacific, Southeast Asia, Cambodia Argentina: Violence against Women and Information Communication Technologies
Cristina Peralta examines the situation in Argentina, where few cases of VAW using ICTs have been denounced. One study found that a small percentage of young girls had been contacted by unknown people via chat or Facebook before disappearing. Cell phones are also used for controlling women's mobility and have become one of the first artifacts to be destroyed by the partner during violent reactions, according to survivor testimony. However, most of the organisations that work on VAW issues primarily use ICTs for sharing information and networking. Some of them participate in observatories, that include VAW in the media as one of their concerns. This paper looks at these issues, and concludes with recommendations for civil society to help address these problems and formulate policy to deal with emerging challenges. Read the English abstract of the paper below. Full paper is available in Spanish.
Published [2009] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: Violence Against Women Regional focus: Latin America, South America, Argentina Radio, Convergence and Development in Africa: Gender as a Cross-Cutting Issue
The purpose of this paper is to argue for the consideration of gender issues in all research on radio, convergence and development in Africa. It is intended to guide the deliberations at our Butare roundtable (September 2009) discussion on a research agenda and to ensure that we put gender considerations front and centre as we design our research plans.
Issues covered: Women's Presentation in Media, Communication Rights Regional focus: Africa Mexico, Argentina, Brazil and Colombia: Cross-country Study on Violence against Women and Information Communication Technologies
María Isabel and María Alejandra Davidziuk compare the findings of four national reports from Mexico, Brazil, Argentina and Colombia undertaken as part of the APC WNSP project “Strengthening women’s strategic use of ICTs to combat violence against women and girls”. In their analysis they look at some barriers (both institutional and cultural) that need to be overcome in order for ICTs to be successfully used to decrease violence against women and girls.
Published [2009] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: Violence Against Women Regional focus: Latin America, Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, Columbia EROTICS: An Exploratory Research on Sexuality & The Internet - Literature Review
This literature review produced by Manjima Bhattacharjya and Maya Indira Ganesh is part of the APC WNSP EROTICS: Exploratory Research on Sexuality and the Internet project. This document is intended for the development of the EROTICS' research framework and approach.
Published [2008] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: General Reference, Violence Against Women, Women's Presentation in Media, Governance, Communication Rights Regional focus: Global Search history: Examining pornography on the internet
Namita Malhotra examines in this paper, the discourse of pornography in relation to the internet in India. She interrogates the Indian women's movements negotiation with issues around sexuality and censorship, as well as the various legislative, cultural, and ethical debates that intersect around this issue in recent years.
Published [2007] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: Violence Against Women, Communication Rights Regional focus: Asia-Pacific, South & Central Asia, India ICTs and Gender - Working Party on the Information Economy
This document provides an overview of the gender distribution of ICT and ICT-related employment in OECD countries, and ICT employment patterns are contrasted with overall employment to highlight how different ICT employment patterns are. The document then focuses on participation in ICT-related education and training, and differences in ICT access and use by gender.
Published [2007] by OECD
Issues covered: Education, Economic Empowerment, Universal Access Regional focus: Europe, North America THE WORLD WIDE WEB OF DESIRE: Content Regulation on the Internet
This paper attempts to look at some of the paradoxes that emerge in content regulation discussions. It brings in feminist or gendered perspective, which provides different and varied understandings of “harmful content”, as well as opens the question of adequate representation of all voices in the content regulations debates.
Published [2007] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: Violence Against Women, Governance, Communication Rights Regional focus: Global Assessment of the Rural Communications Development Fund from a Gender Perspective
In 2006, the Uganda Women Caucus on ICT (UWCI) together with WOUGNET as its secretariat conducted an assessment of the Rural Communications Development Fund (RCDF) from a gender perspective. The focus was to look at the project selection criteria, to examine the benefits of the supported projects to both men and women, to assess the contribution of the supported projects in reducing gender gaps, and finally to make recommendations as well as suggest ways for gender inclusion based on the findings.
Published [2007] by WOUGNET
Issues covered: Universal Access Regional focus: Uganda Report on Engendering the ICT Policy Process in Uganda
The findings of this research indicates there were attempts to identify and eliminate gender disparities in access and use of ICT within the Uganda national ICT policy development process. However clear-cut gender incorporation strategy was missing, and the ICT policy process was largely dominated by men. This The report includes a set of recommendations how to further enhance gender equality within ICT policy process for policy makers and gender advocates.
Published [2007] by APC
Issues covered: Governance, Universal Access Regional focus: Uganda, Africa, East Africa Gender dimensions of intellectual property and traditional medical knowledge
This paper examines the discussion on intellectual property rights (IP) for traditional knowledge (TK) in medicine from a gender perspective. It argues that a gender analysis of these issues adds to the understanding of how trade decisions can have important and unintended impacts on the lives of disempowered people.
Published [2007] by United Nations Development Programme
Issues covered: Health, Cultural Diversity and Language, Communication Rights Regional focus: Global Human Rights in the Global Information Society
Does the information society help to advance human rights or does it threaten them? The publication examines ICTs as a global policy issue from various interdisciplinary perspectives.
Published [2006] by The MIT Press
Issues covered: General Reference, Communication Rights, Governance Regional focus: Global Exploring Mechanisms to Stimulate the Increased Participation of Women in Science, Engineering and Technology: International Experiences
The document is the first part of the report on a comprehensive study on the status of women in high-level ICTs in South Africa. It describes international experiences, with particular emphasis on Finland, that provide insights for consideration in addressing South Africa's needs on on stimulating the participation of women in high-level ICTs.
Published [2006] by University of Oulu/Kajaani University Consortium: WomenIT Team
Issues covered: Education, Economic Empowerment Regional focus: Global Women in the Information and Communication Technology Sector in South Africa
The document is the second part of the report on a comprehensive study on the status of women in high-level ICTs in South Africa. The report looks at how girls and women are progressing (or not) in the education system and the workplace.
Published [2006] by University of Oulu/Kajaani University Consortium: WomenIT Team
Issues covered: Education, Economic Empowerment Regional focus: Africa A Manual of Possible Interventions to Improve the Situation of Women in High-Level ICTs in South Africa
The document is the third part of the report on a comprehensive study on the status of women in high-level ICTs in South Africa. The Manual of Possible Interventions maps out six possible programmes with a breakdown of activities and possible role players to take these actions forward.
Published [2006] by University of Oulu/Kajaani University Consortium: WomenIT Team
Issues covered: Education, Economic Empowerment Regional focus: Global Gender in the information Society: Emerging issues
This publication is a collection of 13 papers developed for a pre-World Summit on the Information Society seminar, produced by UNDP-APDIP in partnership with UNIFEM and IT for Change. It showcases perspectives that critique the engagement with new technologies in various development sectors such as the governance, media and work.
Published [2006] by Asia-Pacific Development Information Programme
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Asia-Pacific, South & Central Asia Mainstreaming Gender Issues in ICT Policy Development - Draft
This is a draft copy of a research conducted by FMA to look into gender mainstreaming efforts in ICT policy development. in the Philippines. In particular, Section 4 of the research is culled to demonstrate and examine ICT policy in the current Philippines context, with attention to the inclusion of gender within its processes.
Published [2006] by Foundation for Media Alternatives
Issues covered: General Reference, Governance Regional focus: Asia-Pacific, Southeast Asia, Philippines Cinderella or Cyberella? Empowering Women in the Knowledge Society
Edited by Sophia Huyer and Nancy Hafkin, this book collects essays by Sonia N. Jorge, Shafika Isaacs, Shoba Arun, Richard Heeks, Sharon Morgan, Maria Garrido, Raul Roman, and Vikas Nath on the current landscape of gender and ICT. According to Claudia Morell, the book "provides an excellent overview of the critical issues addressing the global participation of girls and women in today's information society. It serves as both a resource for comprehensive understanding and a strategic guide for taking the necessary steps to ensure women fully participate in and benefit from information and communication technologies." Covering women's engagement with ICTs from different angles -- from policy to education to economic empowerment -- the book demonstrates the potential of ICTs for women's empowerment through case studies from Africa, Asia and Latin America.
Published [2006] by Kumarian Press
Issues covered: General Reference, Education, Economic Empowerment, Governance Regional focus: Global, Latin America, Africa, Asia-Pacific Assessment of key ICT policy issues and capacity building needs in CEE
The goal of the assessment was to identify priority information and communication technology (ICT) policy issues and civil society needs in the context of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE).
Published [2006] by Association for Progressive Communications Content Regulations From Gender and Development Perspectives: Some Thoughts & Suggestions for Next Steps
Mavic Cabrera-Balleza reflects upon the "Content regulations from gender and development perspective” panel organised by the Assocation of Progressive Communications, Women's Networking Support Programme (APC WNSP) at the first IGF held in Athens, Greece from 30 October to 02 November, 2006. The report highlights some of the important points raised in the discussions, and provides some follow-up actions that can be taken on the issue of content regulation.
Published [2006] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: Violence Against Women, Communication Rights Regional focus: Global Cultivating Violence Through Technology? Exploring the Connections between Internet Communication Technologies (ICT) and Violence Against Women (VAW)
This paper explores the connection between new information communication technologies (ICTs) and violence against women (VAW). From the perspective of representation and rapid dissemination of information and communication enabled through ICTs, the paper looks at domestic violence in the homes, sexual violence and women in conflict affected areas. It presents case studies, strategies and analysis on these different areas. The study is the part of APC WNSP issue papers series on ICTs for women's rights.
Published [2005] by
Issues covered: Violence Against Women, Cultural Diversity and Language, Women's Presentation in Media, Women in Armed Conflict, Communication Rights Regional focus: Global MEDIA BRIEF: Cultivating Violence Through Technology? Exploring the Connections between Internet Communication Technologies and Violence Against Women
This brief is a condensed version of the issue paper with the same title written by Jac sm Kee for APC WNSP. The paper explores the connection between new information communication technologies (ICTs) and violence against women (VAW). From the perspective of representation and rapid dissemination of information and communication enabled through ICTs, the paper looks at domestic violence in the homes, sexual violence and women in conflict affected areas. It presents case studies, strategies and analysis on these different areas.
Published [2005] by
Issues covered: Violence Against Women, Cultural Diversity and Language, Women's Presentation in Media, Women in Armed Conflict, Communication Rights Regional focus: Global Inclusion, diversity and gender equality: Gender Dimensions of the Free/Libre Open Source Software Development
This essay describes and analyses challenges (societal
and organisational) and advantages (e.g. new models for
mobile and collaborative work online), particularly
regarding gender issues, encountered in the recent FLOSS
development. The paper concludes with suggestions on
how to create rules and resources and the creation of a
common FLOSS space for both genders.
Issues covered: Strategic Use and FOSS Regional focus: Global Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP)
The Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP) 2005 is a grassroots media monitoring, research and advocacy project which aims to promote the fair and balanced representation of women and men in news media worldwide.
Published [2005] by World Association for Christian Communication Women's Programme
Issues covered: Women's Presentation in Media Regional focus: Global A Techno-Feminist Perspective on the Free/Libre Open Source
This paper tries to analyse the FLOSS development from a
"techno-feminist" perspective (Wajcman 2004). Staying away from a reductionism that simplifies the gender issue in the FLOSS community to the level of a fight between men and women, the issues I attempt to address include not only the inequality that women face in computing, but also other inequalities that other users face mainly emerging from
the power relationships between expert and lay (namely, developer and user) in software design. Instead of splitting women and men in the FLOSS development, this analysis helps motivate both men and women to work together, reduce the gender gap, and improve the disadvantaged
statuses of women and a wider users community in the FLOSS development.
Issues covered: Strategic Use and FOSS Regional focus: Europe Digital Dangers: Information & Communication Technologies and Trafficking in Women
This discussion paper asks if new technologies are re-shaping or facilitating trafficking, and/or if the use of ICTs in trafficking will change the way we understand other issues. For example, how should we think about the distribution of women's images against their will; can we talk about trafficking in images, and what relation does this have to the debate about pornography? It explores government responses and the tension between the right to privacy and the right to freedom from violence in the context of ICTs. This paper is a joint publication of AWID and the APC WNSP.
Published [2005] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: Violence Against Women Regional focus: Global Information society: promoting financial mechanisms with a gender equity perspective
This document is intended to describe the funding strategies of the Information Society (IS) that are currently under discussion at the preliminary meetings of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) – Second Phase, which will be held in November 2005 and, from a gender perspective, to tie them into the commitments undertaken through the Goals of the Millennium, the Beijing Action Platform and Funding for Development, among others.
Published [2005] by WSIS Gender Caucus
Issues covered: Economic Empowerment, Strategic Use and FOSS, Universal Access Regional focus: Global, Latin America In the spotlight: gender experiences and ICTs in Latin America and the Caribbean
This study presents the current status of Gender and Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) based on the survey of related projects, research and actions from the standpoint of various social stakeholders: state, private sector, academia and the civil society. This work focuses on the application of the gender perspective – whether explicit or not.
Published [2005] by WSIS Gender Caucus
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Latin America World Summit on the Information Society
This document presents an analysis of the context in which many of the scenarios linked to the WSIS are set - binded to other issues such as global commerce, human rights and Internet governance. The author affirms that the development of these scenarios impact directly the WSIS agenda, excepting the issues related to human rights, which are not raising enough concern to the UN member states.
Published [2005] by WSIS Gender Caucus
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Global, Latin America MEDIA BRIEF: Paddling in Circles while the Waters Rise - Gender Issues in ICTs and Poverty Reduction
Can ICTs help reduce poverty? This paper examines poverty from many different angles: from its definition to systemic causes of global poverty, as well as tools used to address poverty. The study is the part of APC WNSP issue papers series on ICTs for women's rights.
Published [2005] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: Economic Empowerment Regional focus: Global From words to facts: gender equity in the acces and use of the internet by Latin American Youth
This presentation shows some of the results of a survey realized by the Catedra Unesco Mujer, Ciencia y Tecnologia en América Latina, focusing on programs aiming at providing access and training to the youth on the use of ICTs in América Latina.
Published [2005] by
Issues covered: General Reference Information and Communication Technologies for Rural Development: Issues and Options
The report is based on field visits, interviews with local and central government and non-government organizations and desk reviews carried out between December 2004-April 2005. It aims to identify policies, technologies, institutions and investments needed to improve access to information and communication technologies (ICT) in rural areas in Indonesia. A critical part of this study is a gender specific component, to ensure that the strategies developed and recommended are informed by a comprehensive gender analysis, and further integrate gender considerations into national ICT policy, planning and implementation.
Published [2005] by World Bank Group
Issues covered: Economic Empowerment, Strategic Use and FOSS, Education Regional focus: Indonesia Where is Women´s “J” Spot?
As the international community prepares to join the United Nation’s 49th Session of the Commission on the Status on Women (CSW), women media practitioners are asking: where is women’s “J” spot? Commonly known as “Beijing +10,” the role of the official UN session is to evaluate what governments have done to implement the Platform for Action (PFA) of the Fourth World Conference on Women 10 years ago in Beijing, China. The review and appraisal process will take place from February 28 to March 11, 2005 at the United Nations Headquarters in New York City. Despite the fact that the PFA contemplates Section “J” in Chapter 3, about Women and Media, the issue is hardly found in the provisional agenda for the evaluation process.
Published [2005] by FIRE / Women´s Media Pool
Issues covered: Women's Presentation in Media, Communication Rights Cutting Edge Pack: Gender and ICTs
BRIDGE’s Cutting Edge Pack on Gender and ICTs consists of two components: the Overview Report and the Supporting Resources Collection.
Published [2004] by BRIDGE Regional focus: Global The reality of virtual reality: the internet’s impact within gender equality advocacy communities in Latin America
"ICT can impede inclusion and participation if users do not pay attention to its effects on communities and the structures of organizations themselves. Deliberate and thoughtful engagement with the technology is essential". This is one of the assumptions presented in this study, where the author analises the potential of ICT to foster democratic relations and effective strategies within civil society and looks at the internet’s influence on advocacy communities, especially within the women's movement and organizations.
Published [2004] by Information Technology and International Cooperation (ITIC) Programme, SSRC
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Latin America, South America Engendering Information & Communication Technologies: Challenges & Opportunities for Gender-Equitable Development
The brochure highlights ways on how to engender ICTs and explores the World Bank's efforts to address gender issues in information technology projects.
Published [2004] by World Bank Group
Issues covered: Education, Economic Empowerment Regional focus: Global Missing: Information About Women’s Lives
The paper highlights four key areas that affect women and girls where priorities have changed, funding has been cut, research findings distorted, important social differences masked, and critical committees and programs dismantled.
Published [2004] by National Council for Research on Women (NCRW)
Issues covered: Health, Governance, Economic Empowerment Regional focus: North America Women and Media: International Perspectives
Women and Media: International Perspectives brings together eight international scholars to explore key issues of the gender-media relation, from an analysis of news media's coverage of women politicians, to the
marketing of 'girl power', to strategizing for equality in newsrooms.
Published [2004] by Blackwell Publishing
Issues covered: Women's Presentation in Media, Economic Empowerment, Violence Against Women, Communication Rights Regional focus: Global Gender and Electronic Privacy
This site is designed to elucidate types of privacy violations that have been used to exploit women in particular, including cyberstalking, pretexting, and video voyeurism. It focus on electronic privacy.
Published [2004] by Electronic Privacy Frontier
Issues covered: Violence Against Women, Communication Rights Regional focus: Global Women Empowerment Through Information Technology
This book attempts to demonstrate that ICT technologies are powerful tools for women to use to overcome discrimination, to achieve full equality and well-being, and to participate in decisions that impact the quality of their lives and the future of their communities. It is written for policy makers and development leaders to use as a reference tool to help to help mainstream gender issues in areas of technology development.
Published [2003] by Authorspress
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Global Gender Issues in the Information Society
This paper was published in 2003 as background material in preparation for the WSIS. It asserts that gender considerations need to be an integral component in policymaking.
Published [2003] by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Global Some thoughts on gender and telecommunications/ICT statistics and indicators
The paper emphasises the importance of gender disaggregated statistics and indicators in informing national and global ICT policies.
Published [2003] by
Issues covered: Economic Empowerment, Education Regional focus: Global Involving Civil Society in ICT Policy: the World Summit on the Information Society
The book highlights issues that need to be taken into consideration in the formation of ICT policies and regulations, particularly around the WSIS process. The chapter on gender and ICT policy draws attention to the various issues to be taken into account in engendering ICT policy.
Published [2003] by Association for Progressive Communications
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Global Critical Issues Pertaining to the Gender Dimension of Biotechnology Policy
This paper surveys existing research on the impact of biotechnology in a number of important areas relevant to development policy and gender such as agriculture, health, traditional knowledge and biodiversity. The paper concludes by making a series of recommendations about the need for further research on critical areas.
Published [2003] by United Nations Commission on Science and Technology for Development - Gender Advisory Board
Issues covered: Health, Education, Communication Rights Regional focus: Global Women and Internet: Croatian Perspective
Book links ICT theory and analysis with everyday lives and realities of women in Croatia and Eastern Europe.
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Southern Eastern Europe, Croatia Gender and ICT in the Philippines: A Proposed Policy Framework
This paper seeks to recommend a policy framework that will address the goal of mobilising ICT to advance gender equality and women's empowerment.
Issues covered: General Reference, Governance, Economic Empowerment, Communication Rights Regional focus: Asia-Pacific, Southeast Asia, Philippines Status of Research on the Information Society
The report give an overview of the current state of research undertaken in the area of the information society . Five essential subjects were selected for more detailed exploration: gender equality, cultural and linguistic diversity, freedom of expression, people with disabilities, and universal access and infoethics .
Published [2003] by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Global Gender Aspects of Changes in the Labour Markets in Transition Economies
The Paper presents a gender perspective on trends and policy implications of changes on the labour markets during the first ten years of the transition process within a context of UNECE activities in the area of Gender and Economy. It has three parts. Part I shows gender asymmetry in selected labour market developments based on available data. Part II presents policy implications and part III UNECE programmes and activities.
Published [2002] by United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
Issues covered: Economic Empowerment Regional focus: Europe Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) and Gender
The paper is a survey and brief analysis of various research studies and publications done on gender and ICTs between 1998 and 2001. The author identifies women’s lack of participation in ICT policymaking and production as one of the key issues to consider in bridging the gender digital divide.
Published [2002] by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
Issues covered: Cultural Diversity and Language, Women's Presentation in Media, Governance, Education, Universal Access Regional focus: Global Gender Issues in ICT policy in developing countries: an overview
The paper highlights specific measures that could be incorporated into ICT policy in developing countries to ensure gender equality.
Published [2002] by United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women
Issues covered: Women's Presentation in Media, Education, Universal Access Regional focus: Global Call For A Global Grassroots Campaign To Enhance Women's Access, Employment And Image In The Media
The paper explores how women have been prevented from full participation in the news media, particularly in media management. The author recommends a grassroots campaign to address this issue and push for a non-discrimination policy in US newsrooms.
Published [2002] by United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women
Issues covered: Women's Presentation in Media, Communication Rights Regional focus: North America Policy Approaches As Enabling Frameworks
The paper urges the gender-advocacy movement to consider adopting new approaches to encourage the media to participate in the advancement of women.
Published [2002] by United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women
Issues covered: Women's Presentation in Media Regional focus: Global Teaching and the use of ICT in Hungary
It provides an overview of the context for ICT development in
Hungary, examines the initial and especially the in-service teacher training provided to facilitate teachers' use of ICT in their pedagogical practice, notes the obstacles and some
recent incentives for career and professional development in this field, and analyses governmental and non-governmental initiatives in Hungary to break down the digital divide in the last decade, thereby encouraging greater integration of ICT in the pedagogical practices of Hungarian schools and classrooms.
Published [2002] by International Labour Office, Geneva
Issues covered: Education Regional focus: Hungary From access to appropriation: Women and ICT policies in Latin American and the Caribbean
In this document is presented basic information on the expansion of ICTs in the Latin America Region, stating the major gaps. It also presents the results of some studies, and of an electronic consultation, which give evidence of the progress, obstacles and recommendations for policies and programs that strengthen gender equality in and through ICTs.
Published [2002] by Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales - Área Género, Sociedad y Políticas
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Latin America National ICT policy and gender equality, Regional perspective: Asia
The paper compares national policy in a range of issues including universal access, e-governance, trafficking of women, pornography, censoreship, cybercrime and ICTs as a public good.
Published [2002] by United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Asia-Pacific, Southeast Asia, Philippines Gender Perspectives in ICT
This paper presents an overview of gender and ICT issues, as well as key outcomes and recommendations from the expert group meeting on “Information and communication technologies and their impact on and use as an instrument for the advancement and empowerment of women” in 2002. It is presented to the plenary of the 47th session of the Commission on the Status of Women in March 2003.
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Asia-Pacific Gender and Agriculture in the Information Society
The paper explores ICTs in relation to gender, specifically focusing on gender and ICT applications in agricultural and rural development in developing countries.
Issues covered: Education, Economic Empowerment, Universal Access Regional focus: Global Looking behind the internet: Empowering Women for Public Policy Advocacy in Central America
This research differentiates itself because it focuses on women and policy rather than ICTs. Thus this research is about women's needs and concerns in the real (offline) world and how public information and ICTs can contribute to solutions rather than issues such as women having internet access, or studies regarding their activities on the web.
Published [2002] by United Nations International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of Women
Issues covered: Governance, Economic Empowerment, Communication Rights, Universal Access Regional focus: Latin America, Central America Changing Practice: How Domestic Violence Advocates Use Internet and Wireless Communication Technologies
The research report describes how and why two Midwestern domestic violence organizations in the US use Internet and wireless communication technologies. Major findings of the study reveal a need for more awareness and technical assistance regarding safe and ethical Internet and wireless communication service delivery.
Published [2002] by Violence Against Women Online Resources
Issues covered: Violence Against Women Regional focus: North America The International Sex Trade and the Internet: Partners in Crime
The module explores the symbiotic relationship between the Internet and the international sex industry, the laws and regulations relating to it, and the ways how groups and communities have been using technology to combat trafficking and explore options for and objections to regulating the Web's content.
Published [2002] by Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harward Law School
Issues covered: Violence Against Women, Women's Presentation in Media, Communication Rights, Strategic Use and FOSS Regional focus: Global, Southeast Asia The Internet as an Organizing Tool
The module explores the power of the Internet as an organizing tool to combat violence against women.
Published [2002] by Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harward Law School
Issues covered: Violence Against Women, Women's Presentation in Media Regional focus: Global The Use of New Communication and Information Technologies for the Sexual Exploitation of Women and Children
This paper written by Donna Hughes and published in the Hastings Women's Law Journal, 2002, examines how different forms of ICT, including peer-to-peer servers and streaming video, are used to sexually exploit women and children.
Published [2002] by Hastings Women Law Journal
Issues covered: Violence Against Women Regional focus: Global Are ICT Policies Addressing Gender Equality?
Paper on comparative study of six countries' national IT and gender policy frameworks and the extend to which global and regional gender and ICT advocacy have effected local or national policy changes. Prepared for the UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific Expert Group Meeting to Review ICT Policy from a Gender Perspective, Bangkok, 18-19 December 2001.
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Asia-Pacific Domestic Violence Organizations Online : Risks, Ethical Dilemmas, and Liability Issues
The paper outlines the risk and liability issues related to use of the Internet and suggests risk-management guidelines to protect organizations from liability.
Published [2001] by Violence Against Women Online Resources
Issues covered: Violence Against Women, Communication Rights Regional focus: Global Women in Sync: Putting Beijing Online (Toolkit 1)
Putting Beijing Online is the first volume of Women in Sync, a toolkit for women’s electronic networking drawn largely from the pioneering experiences of APCWNSP. It documents the reflections of the women (and some men) who worked onsite in Huairou and Beijing and offsite from all over the globe during the Fourth United Nations World Conference on Women (UNWCW).
Published [2000] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: Governance, Strategic Use and FOSS, Universal Access Regional focus: Global Women in Sync: Networking for Change: The APCWNSP’s First 8 Years (Toolkit 2)
Networking for Change is the second volume of Women in Sync, a toolkit for women’s electronic networking. It chronicles the history of the Association for Progressive Communications Women's Networking Support Programme (APCWNSP) in its first 8 years of working together. In a series of articles, it examines how APCWNSP grew from a small band of women to a global network that served as an incubator of networking initiatives world-wide. It also examines emerging issues and challenges in gender and ICT policy advocacy and in the integration of new and old technologies to strengthen women's networking.
Published [2000] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: General Reference, Governance, Strategic Use and FOSS Regional focus: Global Gender and Information Communication Technology: Towards an Analytical Framework
This paper presents a range of perspectives on gender and information and communication technology (ICT) drawn from a review of the literature
Published [1999] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Global Using a Gender-Based Analysis in Developing a Canadian Access Strategy: Background Report
The report examines universal access issues in the Canadian context.
Published [1997] by Information Policy Research Center (University of Toronto)
Issues covered: Universal Access, Women's Presentation in Media Regional focus: North America Building Gender Considerations Into ICT Evaluation Work
This paper introduces shares some experiences and lessons learned applying the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Audit Framework, an evaluation tool to learn more about the role and impact of ICTs on development projects.
Published [1997] by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: General Reference Gender perspectives on health and safety in information processing
This study looks at the specific health hazards which have been attributed to work with computers, and more specifically to the work situation of inputting or manipulating text or data. In particular, it examines RSI-repetitive strain injuries, which can lead to a total inability to carry out many tasks. The study is a part of the book entitled "Women encounter technology: Changing Patterns of Employment in the Third World" and edited by Swasti Mitter and Sheila Rowbotham.
Published [1995] by UNU/INTECH
Issues covered: Health Regional focus: Global Towards a More Equitable Information Society: How and Why of Gender Mainstreaming
In this document author discusses the concept, and explores the process, of gender mainstreaming. He first defines the key ideas of gender mainstreaming. Then introduces key elements of the process. And finally ends with a brief discussion of the implications for the BDT/ITU, given BDT's mandate and goal of facilitating access to, and use of, information and communication technologies by women and men in developing countries.
Published by
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Global ICTS for Social Change
The document out critical ICT issues relevant to gender equality and women's empowerment in the current context of globalisation and development
Published by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Global Action Items for Gender Equality in the Information Society
The document outlines concrete recommendations for actions in a myriad of areas to address problems of gender equity in ICTs, ranging from basic access issues to decision making power and presence.
Published by NGO Gender Strategies Working Group
Issues covered: Cultural Diversity and Language, Women's Presentation in Media, Governance, Education, Economic Empowerment, Communication Rights, Universal Access Regional focus: Global Pathway to Gender Equality: CEDAW, Beijing and the MDGs
The publication points out that CEDAW, Beijing and the MDGs are mutually supporting processes and proposes ways on how to enhance the synergy among these processes to achieve gender equality.
Published by United Nations Development Fund for Women
Issues covered: General Reference Regional focus: Global Poverty Reduction, Gender Equality and the Knowledge Society: Digital Exclusion or Digital Opportunities
The paper is based on the premise that any strategies to increase the participation of women in the information economy will increase national IT capacity, reduce poverty, and help to raise the national standard of living. It summarises international discourse on the connections between gender equality and poverty reduction, and defines the context of the knowledge society, including the digital and gender divides.
Published by United Nations Commission on Science and Technology for Development - Gender Advisory Board
Issues covered: Cultural Diversity and Language, Education, Economic Empowerment Regional focus: Global Gender Equality and Poverty Reduction in the Knowledge Society
The emphasis on ICT as a tool of economic and social empowerment for underprivileged women raises new research questions that are relevant both for advocacy and project work by NGOs as well as for policy intervention by national and international bodies. The paper assesses women’s access to and use of ICTs for social empowerment and poverty reduction.
Published by United Nations Commission on Science and Technology for Development - Gender Advisory Board
Issues covered: Health, Cultural Diversity and Language, Education, Economic Empowerment, Universal Access, Women's Presentation in Media Regional focus: Global Globalisation and ICT: Employment Opportunities for Women
In view of international focus on poverty reduction and the Millennium Development Goals, and the close connection of gender equality to achieving these Goals, the paper addresses women’s use of ICTs in the six areas identified in the MDG as critical to achieving poverty reduction, as well as the potential use of ICTs to promote gender equality in poverty reduction strategies. It analyses the potential for women’s economic empowerment, as well as employment and income-generating trends ushered in by the digital economy.
Published by United Nations Commission on Science and Technology for Development - Gender Advisory Board Regional focus: Global Tackling Debates and Challenges of New Reproductive Technologies
The primer is a guide to the current debates on new reproductive technologies (NRTs), how they are changing political landscapes, and their potential effects on women's human rights.
Issues covered: Health Regional focus: Global Father's Rights Groups & the Backlash Against Feminists in the Online World
The document analyses the thin line between free speech and open hate, particularly in the Internet. It explores the organized backlash to feminism among men that has increasingly made itself visible in Canada and among most Western capitalist countries.
Published by Womyn's Voices
Issues covered: Communication Rights Francophone Women's Groups in Minority Situations and ICTs
“Francophone women are less likely to use the internet than Anglophone women (40.4% compared with 55.3%, respectively)" says a survey report released lately on the Womyn's Voices website. In the spring of 2002, 50 women’s groups working in minority situations in Canada were surveyed on the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs). The project's scope is limited, looking at Francophone women’s groups working in minority situations. Also since statistics tend to change rapidly, especially concerning ICTs, the data presented may not be an accurate account of today's reality. It remains a valuable assessment for APC, not only for better understanding its current projects and members in francophone Africa and Canada, but also in preparing its new website in French.
Published by Womyn's Voices
Issues covered: Cultural Diversity and Language, Education, Universal Access E-Governance Initiatives in an Indian State: Some Observations from a Gender Perspective
The paper explores to what extent the women in the Indian State of Chhattisgarh have been able to access and to use e-governance initiatives, as compared their male counterparts, and how far these e-governance initiatives been able to address and include the needs of women.
Issues covered: Governance, Education, Universal Access Regional focus: India African Copyright & Access to Knowledge Project
The African Copyright & Access to Knowledge (ACA2K) Project examines the relationship between national copyright environments and access to knowledge in African countries. The project is probing this relationship within an access to knowledge (A2K) framework - a framework which regards the protection/promotion of user access as one of the central objectives of copyright law. The project works in eight countries, Eygpt, Ghana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, Senegal, South Africa and Uganda.
Issues covered: Cultural Diversity and Language, Education, Communication Rights, Strategic Use and FOSS Regional focus: Africa EROTICS: An Exploratory Research on Sexuality & The Internet - Policy Review
This policy review is produced by Mabel Bianco and Andrea Mariño as part of the APC WNSP EROTICS: Exploratory Research on Sexuality and the Internet project. This document is intended for the development of the EROTICS' research policy framework and scope.
Published by APC Women's Networking Support Programme
Issues covered: Violence Against Women, Communication Rights, Governance, General Reference Regional focus: Global
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